USA TODAY

Do you think NASA knows everything when it comes to new technology?

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A brilliant engineer from Lexington, Kentucky revealed a secret project that will change the electricity history forever.

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Rumors say it's the most efficient new source of energy.

NASA engineers don't see how they missed it and are trying to figure out the technology behind it.

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Speak soon,
Mark

A contrasting view is that in large public panies it is upper management and not boards that wield practical power, because boards delegate nearly all of their power to the top executive employees, opting their remendations almost without fail. As a practical matter, executives even choose the directors, with shareholders normally follog management remendations and voting for them. In most cases, serving on a board is not a career unto itself. For major corporations, the board s are usually professionals or leers in their field. In the case of outside directors, they are often senior leers of other organizations. theless, board s often receive remunerations amounting to hundreds of of dollars per year since they often sit on the boards of several panies. Inside directors are usually not paid for sitting on a board, but the duty is inste considered part of their larger job description. Outside directors are usually paid for their services. These remunerations vary between corporations, but usually consist of a yearly or monthly salary, ditional pensation for each meeting attended, stock options, and various other benefits. such as travel, hotel and meal expenses for the board meetings. Tiffany & Co., for example, pays directors an annual retainer of $46,500, an ditional annual retainer of $2,500 if the director is also a chairperson of a mittee, a per-meeting-attended fee of $2,000 for meetings attended in person, a $500 fee for each meeting attended via tele, in dition to stock options and retirement benefits. Two-tier system In some European and Asian countries, t are two separate boards, an executive board (or management board) for day-to-day business and a supervisory board (elected by the shareholders and employees) for supervising the executive board. In these countries, the chairman of the supervisory bo ard is equivalent to the chairman of a single-tier board, while the chairman of the management board is reckoned as the pany's CEO or managing director. These two roles are always held by different people. This ensures a distinction between management by the executive board and governance by the supervisory board and allows for clear lines of authority. The aim is to prevent a conflict of interest and too much power being concentrated in the hands of one person. T is a strong parallel with the structure of government, which tends to separate the political cabinet from the management civil service. In the United States, the board of directors (elected by the shareholders) is often equivalent to the supervisory board, while the executive board may often be kn as the executive mittee (operating mittee or executive council), posed of the CEO and their direct reports (other C-level officers, division/subsidiary hes). History The meeting room of the n XVII , the Dutch East India pany& #39;s board of directors, in the Oost-Indisch Huis (Amsterdam). The Dutch East India pany (VOC) is often considered by many to be an early pioneering model of the modern corporation. In 1610, the pany established its ministrative center (the VOC's second hequarters) in Batavia with a Governor-General in charge, as the pany's de facto chief executive. Globe icon. The examples and perspective in this section primarily with the United Kingdom and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this section, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new section, as appropriate. (April 2016) (L how and when to this template message) The board of directors, in its modern sense, was one of the 17th-century Dutch pioneering institutional innovations. In other words, modern-day boards of directors are all the descendants of the VOC model in many respects.